Pharos Docs
  • Introduction
    • About Pharos Network
    • Vision & Mision
    • Why Pharos Network
    • Concepts
      • Degree of Parallelism (DP)
  • Architecture
    • Pharos Modular Stack
    • Node Architecture
      • About Pharos Nodes
  • Core Technologies
    • Pharos Consensus
    • Pharos Execution
      • Why A New Blockchain Compute Model
      • Pharos VM
    • Pharos Pipelining
    • Pharos Store
      • Why We Need a Blockchain-Native Store
    • Pharos SPNs
  • Network Overview
    • Pharos Networks
      • Pharos Testnet Information
    • Pharos Gas Model
    • FAQ
  • Node & Validator Guide
    • Validator Requirements
    • Validator Node Deployment
      • Using Docker (Devnet)
      • Using Docker (Testnet)
    • Node Management
    • Rapid Node Initialization
      • Rapid Node Initialization(Testnet)
      • Rapid Node Initialization(Devnet)
    • Pharos Network Snapshots
    • Node Debugging & Configuration
  • 🛠️ Pharos Testnet: Rebuild Node with Preserved Node Info
  • Pharos Node Monitoring
  • Developer Guide
    • Foundry
      • Write Your First dApp
      • Write Your First Token
      • Write Your First NFT
      • Write Your First Uniswap Contract
    • Hardhat
      • Write Your First dApp
      • Write Your First Token
      • Write Your First NFT
      • Write Your First Uniswap Contract
    • Rust
    • Interoperability
      • Call EVM From WASM
  • API & SDK
    • JSON-RPC API Methods
  • Resources
    • EVM
    • Solidity
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  • High Performance & Real-Time Processing
  • Special Processing Networks (SPNs) and Pharos Nodes
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  1. Architecture
  2. Node Architecture

About Pharos Nodes

PreviousNode ArchitectureNextPharos Consensus

Last updated 25 days ago

To build a robust, scalable, and decentralized blockchain network, Pharos implements a thoughtfully designed network topology and consensus mechanism, utilizing three essential node types: Validator Nodes, Full Nodes, and Relayer Nodes, as shown below.

The backbone of Pharos's consensus mechanism is its validator nodes, operating under a Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT), proof-of-stake protocol. Hundreds of validators work together to secure the network and process user transactions efficiently. Beyond transaction fees and staking rewards, validators can also earn additional revenue through restaking, allowing them to allocate token certificates to SPNs or dApps to enhance scalability, security, and liquidity while earning extra rewards.

Full nodes and relayer nodes support the distribution of blockchain data and provide essential ecosystem services such as state sync, parallel hint generation, indexing, querying, and API services. This structure ensures network integrity, performance, and security.

  • Full Nodes: Storing complete blocks and transaction states, Full Nodes offer crucial support functions. While they do not participate directly in consensus, they facilitate fast state sync to help other nodes quickly synchronize with the latest state and provide parallel hints to validators, enhancing parallel execution efficiency.

  • Relayer Nodes: These lightweight clients store the latest state and handle recent transactions. They provide essential node services, such as transaction simulation and forwarding, and earn rewards by efficiently forwarding messages within the SPNs.

High Performance & Real-Time Processing

Pharos employs an advanced consensus protocol designed for high throughput and low latency, optimized for large-scale nodes across wide-area networks to improve system resilience and security. This consensus mechanism adapts to network delays in real time and maximizes network bandwidth by allowing simultaneous proposals from all nodes, thereby eliminating single-proposer bottlenecks and fully utilizing network resources.

Special Processing Networks (SPNs) and Pharos Nodes

Pharos natively supports SPN deployment. Users can create SPNs by selecting a validator set within the Pharos network. SPNs can adopt entirely distinct protocols, such as private AIoT networks or networks tailored for multi-party privacy-enhancing computations (MPT). SPNs are also compatible with networks requiring TEE hardware for transaction confidentiality and MEV management, as well as networks utilizing specialized hardware.